IF Clauses

Part 1: Review 5 types of IF CLAUSES

If he knows the answer, he will tell her.

If he knew the answer, he would tell her.

If he had known the answer, he would have told her.

First type: Real in the present (purpose, and future)
IF + Present Simple, S + will/shall + B.I (Future Simple)
_ If I have money, I will give it to him.
_ If it rains, I will stay home

Imagine a situation where it is possible for you to go to New York.
_ If we receive some money, we will go to New York.
_ If we go to New York, we will go by plane.
_ If we go to by plane, we will arrive at Kennedy Airport.
_ If we arrive at Kennedy Airport, we will take a bus to Manhattan.
_ If we take a bus to Manhattan, we will see the Empire State Building.
_ If we go to the top, we will have a nice view of New York.

Imagine you are talking to a person who hopes to go to Europe next summer. You want to go also, but you don't have enough money. Respond to his statement as in the examples:
_ I will go by plane if I go to Europe. (I would go by plane if I went to Europe)
_ I will get there fast if I fly. (I would get there fast if I flew)
_ I will go to London first if I go to England.
_ I will visit Buckingham Palace if I am in England.
_ I will take the train if I decide to go to France.
_ I will spend at least a week in Paris if I go to France.
_ I will see the Eiffel Tower if I am in Paris.
_ I will visit Amsterdam next if my friends invite me.
_ I will rent a car if I decide to go to Sweden.
_ I will see Stop in Germany if I travel to Italy.
_ I will fly to Berlin if I have time.
_ I will spend a lot of money if I stay in Europe long.
_ I will write many postcards if I don't write letters.

Second type: Unreal at the present time (unreal at speaking now)
IF + Past simple, S + would + B.I
_ If I had a lot of money last year, I would buy this five-star hotel.
_ If I were a foreigner, I would speak English well
_ If I won the lottery, I would buy this 5-star hotel.

Give complete answers to the following questions:
_ What would you do if you were sick? If I were sick, I would go to a doctor.
_ What would you do if you were rich? If I were rich, I would travel around the world.
_ What would you do if you had a car?
_ What would you do if you were president?
_ What would you do if you were ten years younger?
_ What would you do if you discovered a gold mine?
_ What would you do if you found $50 on the street?
_ What would you do if you needed a pencil?
_ What would you do if you had a vacation next week?
_ What would you do if you didn't have class today?
_ What would you do if you had an exam today?
_ What would you do if you thought it was going to rain?

Imagine a situation where it is improbable that you will go to New York.
_ If we received some money, we would go to New York
_ If we went to New York, we would go by plane.
_ If we went by plane, we would arrive at Kennedy Aiport.

The past-time statements describe events which did not occur:
_ I would study if I had to.
_ I would visit John if he were home.
_ I would watch television if I didn't have so much homework.
_ Mary would go to the party if you sent her a special invitation.
_ George would bring his friends if you asked him to,
_ I would buy a new car if you lent me the money.
_ Mr. Miller would work in the garden if he needed exercise.
_ I would take an aspirin if I had a headache.
_ I would study the irregular verbs if I didn't know them.
_ George would raise his hand if he didn't understand something.
_ Alfred would get mad if George raised his hand too often.

Third type: Unreal in the past (regrets for positive) (negative for it happened)
IF + Past perfect, S + would have + P.P
If I had had money last year, I would have bought land.
If I had not attended that small high school, I wouldn’t have met the girl that would become my wife.

Four type: Unreal in the past/present/future (mix) (regrets for positive) (negative for it happened)
IF + Past perfect, S + would + B.I
If I had had money last year to buy land, I would be rich now.
If I had seen you last week, I would go to your show tonight.
If I had not married her five years later, she wouldn’t be my wife and the mother of my two children now.

Five type: A formula (facts, that is always true)
IF + Present Simple, Present Simple
If you put sugar in water, it melts.