Here are some examples of the more common Latin roots, with some of verbs derived (v- bắt nguồn từ) from them.

spect: see, look
_ you should respect (v- kính trọng) your parents / the laws of a country. (look up to)
_ The police suspected (v- nghi ngờ) he was guilty (adj- điều sai trái) but they had no proof. (had a feeling)
_ Many pioneers (n- nhà thám hiểm) travelled west in America to prospect (v- tìm kiếm) for gold. (search)

vert: turn
_ I tried a word-processor but I soon reverted to (v- trở lại củ) my old typewriter. (went back)
_ Missionaries went to Africa to convert people to Christianity. (change beliefs)
_ The royal scandal diverted (v- làm trệt hướng) attention from the political crisis. (took attention away)

port: carry, take
_ How are you going to transport your things to the States? (send across)
_ Britain imports cotton and exports wool (n- len). (buys in, sells out)
_ The roof is supported by the old beams. (help up)

duc, duct: lead
_ She was educated abroad. (went to school)
_ He conducted (v- điều khiển) the orchestra (n- dàn nhạc) with great vigour. (led)
_ Japan produces a lot of electronic equipment. (makes)

press: press, push
_ She was impressed by his presentation. (full of admiration and respect)
_ This weather depresses (v- làm suy yếu) me. (makes me feel miserable)
_ She always expresses herself very articulately (adv- rõ ràng, rành mạch). (puts her thoughts into words)

pose, pone: place, put
_ The meeting has been postponed until next week. (changed to a later date)
_ The king was deposed (v- phế truất, hạ bệ) by his own son. (put off the throne)
_ I don't want to impose (v- áp đặt) my views on you. (force)

Above you only have examples of verbs. Here are some examples:

Common well-established word parts:

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1. What is an idiom?
An idiom is a group of words with a meaning that is different from the individual words, and often difficult to understand from the individual words.
Here are some more common idioms

To get a move on (v) = hurry, be quick
   _ The teacher told us to get a move on.
To take it in turns (v) thay phien nhau
   _ My wife and I take it in turns to cook.
off hand (= without looking it up or asking S.O)
   _ I don't know the answer off-hand.
a short cut (= a quick way)
   _ It's not far. We can take a short cut through the park.
small talk (= social talk; not about serious things)
   _ I'm not very good at small talk
To keep an eye (= watch/ look after)
   _ I asked her to keep an eye on my suitcase while I went to the toilet.
   _ Make an eye on (look after) my things for a munite?

2. Fixed expressions:

3. Easy idioms to use:
Some idiomatic expressions are used on their own, or with just one or two other words.
These are often the easiest to use.

Are you coming?
_ Yes, hang on. (= wait)

What's up? (= what's the matter?)
_ Nothing.

I'm really sorry but I've forgotten to bring the book you lent me.
_ That's OK. Never mind. (don't worry, it's not important)

Can I borrow your dictionary?
_ Sure, go ahead. (= help yourself; take it; do it)

I don't know which one to choose.
_ Well, make up your mind. (= make a decision).
You'll have to make up your mind (decide) soon

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1. What is zero afffixation?
Many words in English can function as a noun and verb, or noun and adjective, or verb and adjective, with no change in form.The meaning is not always the same, but this unit looks at examples where the words do have the same meaning.

What's the answer? (noun)
_ Answer the question (verb)
I must clean my room. (verb)
_ It's a clean room. (adjective)
I don't like the cold (noun)
_ I don't like cold weather (adjective)
I must clean my room (verb)
_ It's  a clean room (adjective)
I didn't reply to the letter (verb)
We queued for half an hour
_ We waited in queue for half an hour.
This orange smells/tastes strange.
_ This orange has got a strange smell/taste.
I didn't know the answer, so I guessed.
_ I didn't know the answer, so I had a guess.

We stayed in Paris for a short time.
_ We had a short stay in Paris.
We rested for a while.
_ We had a short rest.
She braked quickly
_ She put on the brakes quickly.
He needs to diet.
_ He needs to go on a diet.
I'm going to ring him
_ I'm going to give him a ring
I looked in the paper
_ I had a look in the paper.
He pushed me
_ He gave me a push
I dreamt about you last night
_ I had a dream about you last night.

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1. Noun or verb + suffix
Noun or Verb                  Suffix              Adjectives
danger, fame                     -ous              dangerous, famous (= well-known)
music, politics                   -al                 musical, political
industry, economics          -al                  industrial, economical (= saves you money)
cloud, fog, sun, dirt           -y                 cloudy, foggy, sunny, dirty
attract, create                   -ive               attractive, creative
tolerance, consistence  -ant/-ent          tolerant, consistent, efficient (efficiency)
idealism                          -ic                  idealistic

Note: Sometimes there is a spelling change. Here are common examples:
double the consonant: sun/sunny, fog/foggy
leave out (xoa di) the final "e": create/creative, fame/famous
leave out (xoa di) the final "s" before "al": politics/political, economics/economical
change "y" to "i" before "al"" industry/industrial

2. -ABLE/-IBLE
This suffix is used to form many adjectives from nouns or verbs:
enjoy                      enjoyable
comfort                  comfortable
knowledge             knowledgeable
suit                         suitable
drink                      drinkable
comprehense         comprehensible
rely                        reliable
break                      breakable
inflexi                      inflexible

3. -FUL and -LESS
The suffix -ful often means "full of" + the meaning of the adjective:
careful
helpful
painful (=hurts a lot)
useful
thoughtful (kind and always thinks about others)

The suffix -less means "without" + the meaning of the adjective:
careless
painless
useless (= has no use or function)
thoughtless
jobless
homeless (= with nowhere to live)

Some examples:
_ You must be very careful when you drive in wet weather.
_ It was so foggy this morning that I couldn't see more than twenty metres in front of me.
_ Everyone in my country has heard of her, she's very famous
_ The people in the tourist information office were very helpful/knowledgeable and answered all our questions without any problems.
_ This is a very dangerous road. there were at least three serious accidents on it last year.
_ It was very painful (dau toan bo) when I hit my leg against the corner of the table.
_ We've never had any problems with our TV in ten years, it's been very reliable (dang tin cay).
_ The factory is in the middle of the industrial part of the city, surrounded by other factories.
_ I made some coffee but it was horrible. In fact, my sister said it was undrinkable.
_ I'm afraid my working hours are very inflexiable, I have to start at exactly the same time every day and finish at the same time every day.
_ It seems terrible to me that there are so many homeless people living in a city with thousands of empty houses.

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1. Verb + suffix
Man nouns are formed in this way.
Verb                              Suffix        Noun
improve (=get better)  -ment improvement
manage                 -ment       management
elect                                 -ion          election
discuss (=talk about S.T seriously)  -ion   discussion
inform (=tell S.O ST)    -ation   information
organise                  -ation       organisation
jog (= running to keep fit or for pleasure)      -ing    jogging
spell                                   -ing    spelling

educate/ education
govern/ goverment
hesitate/ hesitation
arrange/ arrangement

Note: Sometimes there is a spelling change. The most common is the omission of the final "e" before the suffix -ion or -action:
translate/ translation
organise/ organisation

2. Adjective + suffix
Nouns are also formed by adding a suffix to an adjective. Two suffixes often added to adjectives to form nouns are -ness and -ity.
Adjective                        Suffix        Noun
weak (OPP strong)      -ness    weakness
happy                             -ness   happiness
dark                                -ness   darkness
stupid (OPP intelligent, clever)                       -ity   stupidity
punctual (= always arrives at the right time)  
-ity   punctuality
similar (= almost the same)                              -ity   similarity

sad/sadness
popular/ popularity

3. Pronunciation
The addition of these suffixes may change the pronunciation. Nouns ending -ion or -ity have the main stress on the syllable (am tiet) before.
Verb                      Noun
educate                 education
translate                translation
discuss                  discusstion
similar                   similarity
stupid                   stupidity
punctual                punctuality

4. -ER/-OR and -IST
These are common noun suffixes added to existing nouns or verbs, and they describe people and their jobs.
-ER                     -OR                  -IST
dancer                 actor                 artist
singer                  director             economist
murderer             translator           psychologist
framer                 operator             journalist
driver
manager
emloyer
murderer (ke giet nguoi)

Suffixes that can help you recognise the word class
-ment: (nouns) excitement, enjoyment, replacement
-ity: (nouns) flexibility, productivity, scarcity
-hood: (abstract nouns especially family terms) childhood, motherhood
-ship; (abstract nouns especially status) friendship, partnership, membership
-ive: (adjectives) passive, productive, active
-al: (adjectives) brutal, legal (nouns), refusal, arrival.
-ous: (adjectives) delicious, outrageous, furious
-ful: (adjectives) forgetful, hopeful, useful
-less; (adjectives) useless, harmless, cloudless
-ify (verbs) beautify, purify, terrify
-able (adjectives) drinkable, washable, readable, recognizable, countable

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1. With the meaning 'not'
Prefixes (un-, in-, il-, ir- and dis-) are often used to give adjectives (and some verbs and nouns) a negative meaning. Here are common examples:
+ un- is used with many different word:
   happy          unhappy
   friendly        unfriendly
   able             unable
   employed     unemployed (without a job)
   tidy              untidy (= not in order, in a mess)
+ im- is used before some words beginning with m or p:
   polite         impolite (rude)
   patient       impatient
   possible     impossible
+ il- is used before some words beginning with l
   legible       illegible (= cannot be read because the writing is very bad)
   legal          illegal (= it's against the law)
+ ir-is only used before some words beginning with r
   responsible      irresponsible
   regular             irregular
+ dis- is used before some adjectives
   honest       dishonest
   like           dislike
   agree        disagree
+in- is used before a limited number of words
   visible        invisible (= cannot be seen)
   correct      incorrect

2. Other verb prefixes with specific meanings
+ re- (= again)
   My homework was terrible, so I had to redo it.
   The shop closed down but with reopen next month.
   I failed my exam but I can retake (or redo/resit) it next year.
+ over- (= too much)
   I think my boss is overdoing it at the moment (=working too hard)
   I went to bed very late and I overslept (=slept too long) this morning.
   The shop assistant overcharged me (=asked me for too much money)
+ mis- (= badly or incorrectly)
   I'm afraid I misunderstood what he said.
   Two of the students misread the first question.

Some examples:
_ I'm sorry, I missunderstood her message completely.
_ We unpack as soon as we got to the hotel, then went out for a walk.
_ She was here a minute ago, but then she disappeared. I'm afraid I don't know where she is now.
_ We normally have opinions but I disagree with him totally on the subject of drugs.
_ My homework was so bad that I'll have to redo it.
_ Apparently (hinh nhu) her alarm clock didn't ring and she overslept.
_ She finally managed to unlock the door and we were able to go inside.
_ I dislike the film, but the others enjoyed it.
_ I don't think I'll pass the exam, but I can always redo/retake it in September.
_ The post office shuts for lunch (-v- close) but it should reopen at 2.00 p.m.
_ She's overworking at the moment. She really needs a holiday and a complete break from her job.
_ My sister wrapped up (v- goi, boc, bao boc) my present so well that it took me about five minutes to unwrap it.

3. Many other prefixes are used in English. Here is a list of prefixes which are useful in helping you to understand unfamiliar words.

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+ Noun Functions:
NF1: A Noun
NF2: A Pronoun
NF3: A Gerund
Exercising is fun (S)
I like walking in the rain with my friend (D.O)
My friend is fond of dancing (OP)
My hobby is jogging (C)

eNF1: Adjective Noun:
   This fat man, the talking man, the punished boy

Noun (NF1) + Adjective phase (Preposition + Object):
The director of this company
A child without a father
A house with no roof

NF4: A noun phase
    To VF
To speak English, To be happy, To send her a gift
I wish to speak English well

   Gerund (VF2 to VF10b)
Speaking English, being happy, sending her a gift
I regret failing the exam
   Question Word-Wh/Whether + To + VF
What to do, where to go, how to answer your questions.
We decided where to go. (we decided where we should go)
We knew which road to take. (we knew which road we should take)
Where to live, when to leave, who to invite, how to park a car, what to buy
I'd like to find out how to get to Canada.
Can you tell me which provinces to visit?
I haven't decided how long to stay there.
I'm going to ask someone what kind of clother to wear.
I don't even know who to ask.

She knows what happend here.
John told Mary which answer was correct
John remembers whose book was on the desk.
John asked Mary how many students went on the picnic.
She will explain how much money is necessary.
She remembers how much is necessary.
She knows when the plane will leave.
He can understand why Mary wants to go there.
Mary knows how difficult it is.
George knows how late the store is open.
I know how to answer your questions
I know whether to answer your questions

NF5: A noun clause
   THAT + A clause (S+ VF): A statement (ex: Which do you think is)

I believe that John is from Chicago.

I think (that) it rained yesterday.

I imagine that John is going to be late.

I know that New York is the largest city in the United States

I understand that much of New York is surrounded by water.
I guess that most of the city is on islands.
I suppose that New York is the biggest port in the United States. (tin rang)
I heard that a ship arrives or departs every twenty minutes.
I understand that approximately eight million people live in New York.
I assume that the United Nations is on the island of Manhattan. (cho rang)

Which do you think is bigger, New York or Chicago?

_ I think (that) New York is bigger.

Which do you think is more expensive/ more dangerous/ deeper/ heavier, A or B?

   IF/WHETHER + A clause (S + VF): Y/N question

Whether this behavior is unlawful, whether you like it or not

I wonder whether you like it or not

   QW + A clause (S + VF): QWs (Wh-clauses)
Where he went, what he wants, how he is, why he looks sad, when they sent us the letter
How your parent made you become a soccer player, what they enjoy doing
How he looks forward to receiving your letter.

Notes:
A preposition + an object is an adjective phrase (to make an eNF1)
A preposition + an object is also an adverb phrase (to make an eVF)
A VF + an adverb, an adverb phrase or an adverb clause is called an expanded VF (eVF)

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