Adverb Phase and Adverb Clause

1. Adverb Phrase – Nhom trang tu: gom2, 3 tu tro len 

Adverb phase = Preposition + NF 
Ex: At three o’clock, on Sunday, every week ….
At (gio)
On (ngay)
In (thang, nam, mua)
Khi da dung “every week, every other day, last year, this month, last night, next week, …” ta khong dung “AT/ON/IN”.
Ngoai At/ON/IN chung ta co the dung mot so gioi tu khac de tra loi “WHEN”

SINCE (tu … ) SINCE 1997
BEFORE (truoc … ) BEFORE Christmas
AFTER (sau … ) AFTER 5 PM
AROUND (vao khoang … ) AROUND 8 PM
BY (truoc … ) BY JUNE
FOR (trong khoang … ) FOR 3 DAYS
UNTIL (cho den luc … ) UNTIL moday
TILL (den khi … ) TILL 8 AM
WITHIN (trong vong … ) WITHIN 3 days
FROM TO (tu … den … ) FROM Monday TO Wednesday
DURING (trong suot … ) DURING the summer

Examples: answer for "WHY"
Due to the rain
Due to lack of money
Due to lack of time
Thank to her/nho vao co ay
Owing to my parents
Because of my parents
Because of the heat
Due to working hard
Because of new car 

Examples: answer for "HOW"

By studying hard

By practicing a lot/ constantly

By looking in the telephone book

By selling radios

By watching movies.

By imitate the teacher (bắt chướt)

By shaking his head

By asking a policeman

2. Adverb Clause = Conjunction + Clause
Examples: 

         I do homework before she comes
When I have free time
After I take a shower
Once I come back home
Whenever  I am free.
Till I feel  tired.
Until I am sleepy.

Because it rained
As my father had no money
Since he didn’t have time to help me
Because my parents love me
Because it was hot
As I work hard
Now that I have a new car

Notice: Adverb of purpose answer the question "WHY" and "HOW", please refer to "6-Ws"

Why did John go to the store?

_ John went to the store in order to buy some books.

Notice: The negative of "in order to" + Verb expression has "not" before to word "to". The negative of by + Verb-ing Verb expression has "not" before Verb-ing.

   He came in order not to miss the concert.

   He pleased them by not comming late.